What causes Oroantral fistula?
OAF could be caused by dental infection, osteomyelitis, radiation therapy, trauma or following removal of maxillary cysts or tumors. The extraction of maxillary posterior teeth represents the most common etiology of OAF due to the proximity of the bicuspid apices and molars to the antrum.
How do you close an Oroantral fistula?
The various techniques used to close oroantral fistula include the buccal advancement flap, palatal rotation flap, combination flaps, bone grafts, and buccal fat pad. Occasionally, even a nonsurgical treatment modality like palatal splint is used.
What is the difference between Oroantral communication and fistula?
Oroantral communication (OAC) is a pathological connection between the oral cavity and the maxillary sinus due to loss of soft and hard tissues that normally separated these compartments. The OAC is often confused with the oroantral fistula (OAF) which is defined as a persistent epithelialized open communication [1].
How long does it take Oroantral communication to heal?
1-2 mm: No treatment required, as it will usually naturally heal. 2-4 mm: Carefully follow the patient after 1-2 weeks and advise to avoid straining the area (no holding back sneezes, no smoking, no use of straws, no pressure on the sinus).
How do you treat Oroantral fistula?
The most common methods used for closure of OAF are the buccal flap and the palatal pedicled flap techniques. The patients should be instructed not to eat hard food items. They should eat soft food items and drink fluid from the opposite side to avoid trauma to operated site.
How is Oroantral fistula diagnosed?
Panoramic radiograph or paranasal computed tomography can help to locate the fistula, the size of it and to determine the presence of sinusitis and other foreign bodies. Other methods like radiographs (occipitomental, OPG and periapical views) can also be used to confirm the presence of any oroantral fistulas.
What does Oroantral fistula mean?
An oro-antral fistula (OAF) is an epithelialized pathological unnatural communication between oral cavity and maxillary sinus. It develops when the oro-antral communication fails to close spontaneously, remains patent and gets epithelialized. 5. There is migration of oral epithelium into the defect.
How do you stop OAC?
Preventing an OAC from occurring This involves dividing the tooth roots , and possibly removing a little of the bone surrounding the roots. This preserves more of the bone which forms the sinus floor than extracting the tooth as a whole.
How do you treat an OAC?
OAC/OAF should be managed promptly by creating a barrier between oral cavity and maxillary sinus to prevent maxillary sinusitis. Treatment modalities to repair the oro-antral defects include local or free soft tissue flaps, with or without autografts or alloplastic materials.
Which is the most common cause of oroantral fistula?
The vast majority of OAF result from dental extraction. Up to 10% of upper molar extractions may create oroantral communications, but very few, only 0.5%, persist to become fistulae. Other causes include malignant neoplasms arising in the oral cavity or in the antrum.
What causes a fistula in the small intestine?
What causes an anal fistula? The leading causes of an anal fistula are clogged anal glands and anal abscesses. Other, much less common, conditions that can cause an anal fistula include: Diverticulitis (a disease in which small pouches form in the large intestine and become inflamed)
What are the symptoms of a fistula in men?
When fecal materials start depositing in the tissues, it can lead to the formation of a fistula in men. The most common symptoms of an abscess are: perianal cellulitis accompanied by fever and chills. Occasionally, a person suffering from fistula can also experience:
What should I do if I have an oroantral fistula?
Small oroantral fistulae (<5 mm) usually will close spontaneously after treatment with systemic antibiotic drugs and daily rinses with chlorhexidine. However, larger fistulae (>5 mm) will normally require additional surgical intervention ( Fig. 13.45 ).
