What is the tautomeric form of adenine?
However, recent theoretical and experimental investigations indicate that adenine in the dimethylsulfoxide solution exists in three tautomeric forms (N9H, N7H, and N3H), where the N9H form is the major tautomer, whereas the other two are minor tautomers.
What are the different types of adenine?
Adenine. Adenine (A) is one of four chemical bases in DNA, with the other three being cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). Within the DNA molecule, adenine bases located on one strand form chemical bonds with thymine bases on the opposite strand.
What is a tautomeric form of a base?
Tautomers are structural isomers that differ from one another based on the position of proton(s) and double bonds (Antonov 2014). The presence of multiple tautomers is expected to increase the structural and chemical diversity of nucleic acid bases, as shown in Figure 1.
What type of nucleotide is adenine?
purine
Adenine /ˈædɪnɪn/ (A, Ade) is a nucleobase (a purine derivative). It is one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of DNA that are represented by the letters G–C–A–T. The three others are guanine, cytosine and thymine.
How does phenol show tautomerism?
Tautomerism is an isomerism in which the isomers are readily interchangeable and are in dynamic equilibrium with each other. It is shown by the compounds which have an acidic α−hydrogen. Keto compounds show tautomerism. Recall the keto-enol tautomerism.
Why is adenine toxic?
Growth studies with various purine salvage pathway mutants and the ability of guanosine to prevent adenine toxicity indicated that adenine exerts its toxic effects by depleting guanine nucleotide pools. In the presence of adenine, ATP pools increased twofold in wild-type cells and stabilized after 5 min.
Is adenine a sugar?
A nucleotide consists of a sugar molecule (either ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA) attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogen-containing base. The bases used in DNA are adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T). In RNA, the base uracil (U) takes the place of thymine.
Why do tautomers form?
An enol structure occurs when the hydrogen atom bonds to an nearby oxygen atom that sticks out from the ring. These two types of structures are known as tautomers. Both guanine and thymine can switch easily from one tautomer to another. The change in shape affects the three-dimensional shape of the molecule.
