What is beta-spectrin?
alpha- and beta-Spectrin are major components of a submembrane cytoskeletal network connecting actin filaments to integral plasma membrane proteins. Besides its structural role in red blood cells, the Spectrin network is thought to function in non-erythroid cells during protein targeting and membrane domain formation.
What is the function of ankyrin?
Normal Function In red blood cells, ankyrin-1 is located at the cell membrane, where it attaches (binds) to other membrane proteins. The binding of membrane proteins to one another maintains the stability and structure of red blood cells but also allows for their flexibility.
What is a red blood cell ghost?
Spectrin is a cytoskeletal protein that lines the intracellular side of the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells. This became known as a red blood cell “ghost” (spectre), and so the major protein of the ghost was named spectrin.
Is spectrin an enzyme?
Spectrin is a cytoskeletal protein that lines the intracellular side of the plasma membrane in eukaryotic cells. Spectrin subunits may also be cleaved by caspase family enzymes, and calpain and caspase produce different spectrin breakdown products which can be detected by western blotting with appropriate antibodies.
What is ankyrin G?
“Ankyrin-G is a molecular partner of E-cadherin in epithelial cells and early embryos”. J. “Lateral membrane biogenesis in human bronchial epithelial cells requires 190-kDa ankyrin-G”. J.
Is spectrin a peripheral protein?
Earlier work by Marchesi and Steers (1968) had shown that the protein spectrin was associated with the membranes of red blood cells. It could be isolated by mild treatments and behaved like a water-soluble protein. Some researchers thought spectrin was typical of membrane proteins in general.
How is beta2 spectrin related to cardiovascular disease?
Cardiac beta2-spectrin and downstream molecules are regulated in multiple forms of cardiovascular disease via Ca(2+)- and calpain-dependent proteolysis. This study indicates that high-affinity actin binding of L253P beta-III-spectrin is a likely driver of neurodegeneration.
What are the beta subunits of the spectrin protein?
Gene ID: 6712, updated on 19-Jan-2017. Spectrins are principle components of a cell’s membrane-cytoskeleton and are composed of two alpha and two beta spectrin subunits. The protein encoded by this gene (SPTBN2), is called spectrin beta non-erythrocytic 2 or beta-III spectrin.
How is l253p beta3-spectrin related to neurodegeneration?
This study indicates that high-affinity actin binding of L253P beta-III-spectrin is a likely driver of neurodegeneration. beta2-Spectrin, a TGF-beta mediator and signaling molecule, is cleaved and activated by caspase-3/7, consequently enhancing apoptosis and transcriptional control to determine cell fate upon liver damage.
How is the SPTBN2 gene related to the Beta 2 gene?
It is related to, but distinct from, the beta-II spectrin gene which is also known as spectrin beta non-erythrocytic 1 (SPTBN1). SPTBN2 regulates the glutamate signaling pathway by stabilizing the glutamate transporter EAAT4 at the surface of the plasma membrane.
